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A design process is introduced to guide the identification of end-user requirements to inform the development of smart clothing with textile-based wearable technologies. The selection of appropriate smart materials and devices may be daunting within a hybrid area that spans the traditionally quite separate sectors of textiles and electronics as they merge within clothing. This chapter looks at requirements capture, guided by a hierarchical ‘process tree', for the development of a clothing layering system to address the design needs of an identified end user, or peer group, for a particular activity or sequence of events, where the function may be enhanced by the application of smart textiles and wearable technologies throughout the garment layers. The process has been revised at a time when the clothing and textile industries are having to give greater consideration to recalibrating their supply chains due to the major disruption caused by the global Covid-19 pandemic. This crisis has put greater emphasis on adopting responsible design solutions, in relation to both environmental and societal challenges associated with the clothing and electronics sectors. It has also accelerated the move of clothing and electronics retail to online transactions that demands greater understanding of the design requirements of the consumer. A design tool is introduced to guide collaborative, cross-disciplinary teams, involved in the development of innovative smart clothing that is both attractive and fit for purpose. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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This paper presents a reflection on the experience of obtaining a PhD degree in Participatory Healthcare Systems amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper first introduces the PhD research and how the methodology was adjusted during the pandemic. Then, the reflections are presented considering the benefits/advantages (the good), the barriers/difficulties (the bad) and the struggles (the ugly). The topics presented show that positive aspects were overshadowed by the emotional burdens and increasing limitations of data collection and study design. Learnings from this experience indicate that designing a more resilient methodology that integrates creative methods, supporting PhD students to pause the research, fostering a culture of care that rethinks what a successful PhD is, and a greater focus on the Mental Health of PhD students is advisable. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Design for Health is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
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Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus at the end of 19, the competition among SMEs has become increasingly fierce. Based on their traditional management model and low level of informatization, SMEs have poor ability to cope with the impact of the epidemic and cannot quickly meet the new needs of target customers and new market opportunities. In the context of the impact of the epidemic situation, small and medium-sized enterprises need to optimize the inventory management system by introducing computer technology, use big data analysis technology to adapt to market demand, reduce the problem of enterprise inventory backlog, improve the efficiency of enterprise resource allocation, and maximize the avoidance of resource mismatch. This paper uses Java EE programming technology and the Spring Boot framework to design an enterprise inventory management system, which can comprehensively and directly display the enterprise inventory management situation, achieve data recording, storage, and modification. At the same time, it uses enterprise inventory management data to achieve the portrait analysis of target users, improve the efficiency of enterprise inventory management, optimize the enterprise management system, and quickly meet the new needs of customers. © 2022 Association for Computing Machinery.
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Information Systems (IS) of modern organizations and enterprises often rely on a network of partners’ IS to deliver the services. The resilience of this network is the necessary condition for the operation of such ISs. The Digital Business Ecosystem (DBE) theory has emerged as an approach to ensure functioning and resilience in dynamic and open networks. This paper presents three cases of analysis of resilience of DBEs. The objective of the analysis is to assess the resilience of DBEs during its design phase. During this phase, often, only structural information presented in ISs models is available. In order to assess the resilience, the DBE models are analyzed for the potential for fulfilment of typical ecosystem goals and roles. The three DBE cases analyzed are winter road maintenance, digital vaccine, and Covid-19 testing. The paper evaluates the resilience of the DBEs and formulates the practices for uncovering and strengthening it. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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This study empirically examined the effect of a carbon trading pilot market on export green-sophistication of Chinese listed enterprises by adopting a difference-in-difference method. Findings show that a carbon trading pilot market can improve enterprises’ export green-sophistication after using robustness tests to overcome endogeneity. The impact mechanism test shows that a carbon trading pilot market can improve export green-sophistication by increasing green technology innovation. Further research on the system design of carbon trading pilot markets shows that the greater the total carbon quota allocation, the larger the reduction in the trading volume of Chinese certified emissions. Furthermore, the weaker the punishment for an enterprise’s default in the pilot areas, the less favorable it is for enterprises to improve their export green-sophistication. Compared with the grandfather and historical intensity methods, benchmarking used in the allocation of carbon quotas is conducive to the improvement of the export green-sophistication of enterprises.
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The previous years have brought a major disruption with the COVID-19 outbreak, and universities around the world had to quickly adapt to the new format of teaching and learning. Different fields faced various obstacles in trying to provide the best possible classroom-like experience to students during the lockdown. For engineering study programs, especially in the courses where the laboratory is very important, it was a difficult task to replicate the syllabus in the online domain. This paper presents experiences from online teaching of the Digital System Design course at the University of Novi Sad. Traditional and online variants of the course are presented and compared, with the focus on laboratory exercises which were the most difficult to adapt. In addition, student experiences are summarized and compared to experiences in the previous years when the course was held traditionally. © 2022 Croatian Society MIPRO.
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The system aims to direct the user to create their network system collaboratively for a case of Covid-19 health throughout a case study in a Web System and E-Commerce course. The framework of directed health learning is based on 7x2C content knowledge established criteria to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of the system. The self-design frame framework is plan-oriented and based on the concept of a plan and plans integrations and special relationships. The user is directed to break the system into plans and the design is to self-guide the user to build a system to comprehend, combat, coexist, cope, and trace COVID-19 with four layers of diagnostics, simulation, and pattern matching database. With the collaboration of users' systems, a fact from one user as output can be transferred to another user as an input in a circulation forming a general fact. Consequently, the transfer of learning from one system flows into another system resulting in a pattern to be found. Based on the pattern an algorithm will formulate to tackle a solution to COVID19. The implication of this study will be a guideline for others to initiate their own participant's system to find a pattern and formulate an algorithm for the pandemic. The idea of self-design and self-directed learning can be transferred to other fields of study covid-19 health. At present time, a parallel case study of goods and services on farming of Sunchoke plant has been directed with three plan themes of Grow, Eat, and Heal.) © 2021 IEEE.
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The worldwide population is aging, even though more and more elderly people are living independently and alone. Moreover, pandemics such as COVID-19 are putting enormous pressure in health care systems all around the world. To deal with the growing elderly population and health care challenges, there is an emerging focus on technology and IT products. Technology such as mobile devices with their ever-increasing computational power, and differing sensors show immense usefulness for elderly as well as people with disability. This study proposes the development of 3D QR codes for improved safety, security, and customization of user interfaces. This study proposes multiple QR codes aligned together to create a QR cube (or QR cuboid) to store an increasing amount of information about the user. Individual QR codes will be compatible with existing systems. On the other hand, nearly, all individual information is stored with the user, enabling better privacy. Even with the development of future technologies, QR cubes can be used to access digital information. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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This research aims to develop an entrepreneurial learning information system in high learning by using the Learning Digital Entrepreneurship (ERDIS) model in information system design analysis courses with 4C competency formulation (Communication, Collaboration, Critical thinking, and Creativity). The application of the learning information system Learning Digital Entrepreneurship is very appropriate during the Covid-19 pandemic so that the learning process can run with student independence and the beginning of direct experience in entrepreneurship. With this research, entrepreneurial learning information systems, especially for sharing materials and tests of entrepreneurship education assessment to students to identify students who have an entrepreneurial spirit to realize the millennial generation of entrepreneur spirit in Higher Education. This research uses research and development (RnD) methods, a research method used to produce a particular product and test the effectiveness of that product and as a prototype in the website development business. © 2021 IEEE.
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Advances in computer communication technology have enabled the rapid growth of e-health services for delivering healthcare, such as facilitating online consent and data sharing between patients and health professionals. Developing a patient-centric healthcare system is challenging because by necessity, it should be secure, reliable, and resilient to cyber threats, whilst remaining user-friendly. Key to any development aiming for a refined proof-of-concept (PoC) system is the pursuit of comprehensive public system testing and evaluation. This paper focuses on the methodology and results obtained from the participatory approach adopted by the EU H2020 project Serums to evaluate and demonstrate the effectiveness of a smart healthcare system based on emergent technologies like blockchain, data lake, and multi-factor authentication. We discuss the challenges faced by remote PoC system evaluations with end-users as a consequence of the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Blockchain , COVID-19 , Computer Security , Delivery of Health Care , Humans , PandemicsABSTRACT
Purpose>This study aims to incorporate innovative technology (i.e. blockchain) into the design of an online travel agency (B-OTA). The authors accelerated the design of the prototype system through expert interviews to understand the convenience of the blockchain travel and accommodation platform for users. The authors further validated the prototype system design and improved reference capability through usability testing.Design/methodology/approach>Rapid prototyping of B-OTA was carried out through the Delphi method and literature compilation. Design validation of usability testing was conducted using modified systematic evaluation methodology. Prototype system suggestions and improvements were collected through feedback from test subjects.Findings>This study will be helpful for the development of B-OTAs and related technologies. Through usability testing, the authors verified that creating a familiar operating environment for users can reduce users’ fear of unfamiliar technology. The results of this research provide future B-OTA researchers and practitioners with design guidelines.Originality/value>Beyond the blockchain-related technologies used, few studies have reported experiences and interface design of B-OTAs. This study states that, as many human–computer interaction-related papers have pointed out, the basic prerequisite for successful interface design is a clearer definition of users’ needs during operation. User experience and user interface design should provide a good user experience.
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The exponential increase in the number of cases and number of affected countries of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) brought significant change in the mode of instruction from face-to-face to distance learning among the different levels of education around the world. This descriptive-developmental method of study adopted the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate) model of instructional system design (ISD) framework in the development and evaluation of digital learning module intended for asynchronous online independent learning among students at the advanced mathematics education level. The adopted instructional materials evaluation instrument and the 10 items open-ended teacher-made test were used to describe the learning outcomes of the 13 enrolled graduate mathematics education students (4Male, 9Female) during the COVID-19 pandemic period in Sorsogon, Philippines. Findings of the study revealed that the designed digital learning modules covering the required content topics of modern algebra arranged in increasing complexity and ensuring the presence of the basic elements of discussions, definition, examples, and practice drills (worksheets) provide a significant learning experience among the students in times of pandemic as exhibited by their very satisfactory level of evaluation (Mean=4.42±2.58) on its characteristics. The utilization of the digital module available for asynchronous online independent learning maximizes learning outcomes which showed an increase in the mean score of 8.10 equivalent to 53.97 percentage score indicating a highly significant improvement (t=5.034, p<0.05) in the level of students’ understanding of the content topics. Investment in strong internet connectivity is necessary to strengthen the asynchronous learning experiences of the students with the use of digital modules through the regular conduct of virtual conferences for monitoring and immediate feedbacking. © 2022 Ekonomia i Srodowisko.All right reserved.
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In December 2019, the world learned about the first outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) that first broke out in Wuhan, China. This limited outbreak in a small province of China has rapidly evolved into a global pandemic that has led to a health and economic crisis. As millions of individuals have lost their lives, others have lost their jobs due to the recession of 2020. While the skills and educational mismatch have been a prevalent problem in the UAE labor market, it is logical to assume that the global pandemic has likely increased this problem's extent. Therefore, there is an urgent need to adopt an agile, innovative solution to address the upcoming challenges in the labor markets due to the lack of skilled resources and the fear of future work amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Since industry and academia have identified skills and educational mismatch as a complex and multivariate problem, the paper builds a conceptual case from a system engineering perspective to solve this problem efficiently. Based on the literature reviewed related to disruptive technologies and labor market management systems, the paper proposes a new implementation approach for an integrated labor market information system enabled by the most widely used disruptive technologies components in the UAE (Machine Learning, AI, Blockchain, Internet of Things, Big Data Analytics, and Cloud Computing). The proposed approach is considered one of the immediate course of actions required to minimize the UAE economy’s negative impact due to the presence of the skills and educational mismatch phenomena.
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Although persuasive gamified systems have been proven to be effective at motivating behaviour change in various domains of life, there are reoccurring research questions around the effectiveness of these systems for players with various user characteristics, cultures, and across various behaviour domains. Our paper explores the effectiveness of various persuasive strategies implemented in a persuasive game for disease awareness and prevention, specifically, persuasive games for creating awareness about COVID-19 among the African audience and the impact of user personality traits on the effectiveness of the strategies. An in-the-wild study among 51 Africans reveals that the 12 persuasive strategies implemented in the game were perceived as highly effective at motivating behaviour change overall. We also uncovered that people high in Agreeableness were motivated by eight of the strategies, while people high in Neuroticism were demotivated by the Self-Monitoring strategy. Agreeableness and Conscientiousness emerged as the personality traits that predicted most of the variability in the effectiveness of the persuasive strategies implemented in the game. Based on the findings and the qualitative comments, we provide design suggestions for implementing various persuasive strategies for different personality traits in the African population. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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The impact on public emergencies such as COVID-19 has created a greater disconnect from producers and consumers, which has also put pressure on economic growth. Distributed systems can create sustainable development by connecting individual production units and sharing resources between them. Based on the investigation of agricultural products of Qihe County, the distributed system theory and product service system design method are applied to analyze the needs of consumers, producers and their stakeholders of local agricultural products. With the help of small-scale interconnected regional production units, a distributed subsystem based on the characteristics of its own agricultural products is established. Through the design of agricultural products brands, traceable agricultural products safety system and agricultural products online sales APP, the production and sales forms can be flexibly adjusted to increase online purchasing and offline experience forms. Finally, it solves the pain points of users, adds local cultural elements, improves the added value of agricultural products, enhances the income of farmers, improves the quality of life of urban residents, and promotes the sustainable development of economy, society and environment. © 2021 IEEE.
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This paper proposes a scientific and systematic method for designing future air traffic management systems by integrating data science, theoretical modeling, and simulation evaluation. Also, it presents a part of a case study focusing on the data-driven and theoretical modelings of arriving traffic flow in airports. A stochastic data analysis was conducted using actual radar tracks and flight plans before the impacts of COVID-19, where the queuing model parameters were estimated based on the conducted analysis. The proposed data-driven modeling approaches contribute to the analysis of the bottlenecks in air traffic and to their solutions. Overall, we believe that the outcomes of this study provide insights on future operational strategies and system designs, which can realize more efficient air traffic management systems. © 2021 32nd Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, ICAS 2021. All rights reserved.
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The Hajj pilgrimage being the largest annual mass gathering globally with two to three million participants from over 180 counties, will remain a high priority for diseases surveillance for future epidemics or any other international public health emergencies with rapid scalability. This paper highlights the importance of monitoring mass gatherings during a pandemic and how mHealth applications can reduce the burden on health facilities during a mass gathering and tackle future infectious diseases outbreaks. The paper also highlights the importance of developing a user-centred application when designing for a diverse group of users with a shared purpose. As a result, a framework has been proposed to update the current applications or design and develop future mobile health applications. The framework has been developed based on the rationale and evidence found in the literature. © Islam et al. Published by BCS Learning and Development Ltd.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to first, determine the implications of management control system (MCS) information characteristics for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic through four performance indicators (quality, speed of delivery, availability and cost-effectiveness) of the public health supply chain and second, the mediating effect of four dimensions (broad scope, timeliness, integration and aggregation) of the MCS on external integration, internal integration, customer integration and operational performance of public health institutions in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachUsing covariance-based structural equations modelling and based on contingency theory, a hypothesized model was developed and tested. The sample involves a survey of 214 public health institutions in Ghana.FindingsBoth external and internal integration were found to have a significant positive effect on MCS information and, in turn, on the supply chain operational performance of public health institutions. Also, customer integration has a significant positive impact on the four dimensions with a corresponding impact on supply chain operational performance.Practical implicationsThe paper provides practitioners and policymakers with the usefulness of the contingency paradigm in enhancing the supply chain network of public health institutions during epidemics, hence, the need to adopt and develop the contingency approach in designing MCS within the public health sector. Effective public health management through a collaborative process between stakeholders (suppliers, customers and personnel) will mitigate stockouts of medical supplies and systematic disruptions in the public health supply chain.Originality/valueThe MCSs – supply chain integration interaction on organizational performance is one of the areas that has received very little attention in the literature particularly in service-oriented organizations. In this regard, this paper represents one of the few studies in Africa that examines performance implications of MCS – supply chain nexus with respect to public health emergencies service-orientec organizations. The paper contributes to the literature by providing invaluable insights into the usefulness of the MCS in enhancing the supply chain performance of public health emergencies.
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Delivery of health products from provinces or districts to health facilities, including temperature-sensitive vaccines, is one of the most effective interventions to ensure availability of supplies and save lives in low- and middle-income countries. Currently, routes are hand drawn by logisticians that are adjusted based on vehicle availability and quantity of products. Easy-to-use supply chain tools are needed that planners can use in real-time to create or adjust routes for available vehicles and road conditions. Efficient and optimized distribution is even more critical with the COVID-19 vaccine distribution. We develop a Route Optimization Tool (RoOT) using a variant of a Vehicle Routing and Scheduling Algorithm (VeRSA) that is coded in Python, but reads and writes Excel files to make data input and using outputs easier. The tool takes into account cold chain distribution, is easy-to-use, and provides routes quickly within two minutes. RoOT can be used for routine operations or in emergency situations, such as delivery of new COVID-19 vaccine. The tool has a user-centric design with easy dropdown menus and the ability to optimize on time, risk, or combination of both. Training of logisticians in Mozambique indicate that RoOT is easy to use and provides a tool to improve planning and efficient distribution of health products, especially vaccines. We illustrate using RoOT in an emergency situation, such as a cyclone. RoOT is an open-source tool for optimal routing of health products. It provides optimized routes faster than most commercial software, and is tailored to meet the needs of government stakeholders. Currently, RoOT does not allow multi-day routes, and is designed for trips that can be completed within twenty-four hours. Areas for future development include multi-day routing and integration with mapping software to facilitate distance calculations and visualization of routes.
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Accidentally clicking on a link is a type of human error known as a slip in which a user unintentionally performs an unintended task. The risk magnitude is the probability of occurrences of such error with a possible substantial effect to which even experienced individuals are susceptible. Phishing attacks take advantage of slip-based human error by attacking psychological aspects of the users that lead to unintentionally clicking on phishing links. Such actions may lead to installing tracking software, downloading malware or viruses, or stealing private, sensitive information, to list a few. Therefore, a system is needed that detects whether a click on a link is intentional or unintentional and, if unintentional, can then prevent it. This paper proposes a micro-behavioral accidental click detection system (ACDS) to prevent slip-based human error. A within-subject-based experiment was conducted with 20 participants to test the potential of the proposed system. The results reveal the statistical significance between the two cases of intentional vs. unintentional clicks using a smartphone. Random tree, random forest, and support vector machine classifiers were used, exhibiting 82.6%, 87.2%, and 91.6% accuracy in detecting unintentional clicks, respectively.